two strategists from Franklin Templeton Research Institute stated that the initial impact of the US military action against Venezuela on the stock, fixed income, and commodity markets may be limited. They said, "The US military action is not unprecedented, nor is it likely to represent a fundamental shift in US foreign policy. This action alone cannot unlock Venezuela's vast oil reserves; achieving this requires sustained political stability." However, they added that the use of force by the US will reinforce many countries' views on increasing national security spending.