On May 13, Federal Reserve's Collins stated on Wednesday that she expects interest rates to remain stable for an extended period and believes that in certain scenarios, further tightening of policy may be necessary to ensure inflation returns to the 2% target. She noted that traditional monetary policy often 'overlooks' sudden supply shocks, such as rising oil prices. However, considering that inflation has been above the target level for over five years, she believes that patience in suppressing price increases is currently waning. Collins indicated that the current tight monetary policy 'may need to persist for some time.' She remarked, 'The shocks have slightly increased the downside risks to economic activity, while the upside risks to inflation have further increased.' At the same time, she mentioned that if inflation subsides, the Fed may still continue to cut rates later this year. Collins added, however, that if conflicts persist and lead to further price increases, 'I can envision a scenario where tightening policy is necessary to ensure inflation returns to 2% in a reasonable timeframe.'